Control Functions of the State
Abstract
The article gives a general overview of the control functions of the state. Particularly, it elaborates on the weak parliamentary control, drawbacks of the Soviet heritage of the general oversight by the prosecution office.
However, the main focus of the article is the internal (anticorruption) control in public administration. There is a problem of lack of independent authorities (departments) within separate state agencies which could perform such anticorruption control. In spite of the fact that there is certain progress – orders of the government to establish anticorruption departments – there still remain unresolved issues, which would enable effective work of such departments. Such departments still lack independence. They are completely dependent on the chief of the state agency, part of which they are, both on the matters of management (staffing, financing etc) and investigation of anticorruption cases within the agency. Therefore, in case of bad faith of the chief of the state agency, the anticorruption department cannot be effective. Additionally, the article gives an insight in the weakness on internal audit in public administration. The main focus of internal audit in Ukrainian state agencies is on legality of use of budget funds instead of efficiency, effectiveness and outcomes of such use.
Another section of the article is on the topic of state inspections. Administrative legislation of Ukraine in this respect is incomplete. Particularly, there is only legislation that governs inspection of businesses – the Law «On fundamentals of state oversight (control) of economic activity» of 5 April 2007. Meanwhile, legislation on control over activity of physical persons is in the form of sub-legislation. Due to numerous exceptions caused by lobbyism, many economic fields do not fall within the scope of state inspections. Taking into account lack of general law on administrative procedure in Ukraine, physical persons are insufficiently protected from arbitral activity on state agencies, including inspection authorities. At the same time public interest is barely secured as well. Public administration agencies in many areas lack powers and effective mechanisms to secure the law and public interests. Particularly, this concerns legislation on municipal landscape management, architecture and construction.
Also the article mentions other problems: lack of independence of natural monopolies and related markets regulators, weakness of antitrust control etc.
References
Pro Kabinet Ministriv Ukrainy : Zakon Ukrainy vid 7 zhovtnia 2010 r. № 2591- VI // Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy (VVR). – 2011. – № 9. – St. 58.
Ukraina: Otsiniuvannia systemy vriaduvannia. Berezen 2006 roku = Ukraine: Governance Assessment. March 2006 // SIGMA; per. z anhl. O. Shalenko; nauk. red. per. I. Ibrahimova; vyp. red. A. Vyshnevskyi. – K.:, 2007. – 248 s.
Chapters of the acquis. Chapter 32: Financial control [Elektronnyi resurs]. – Rezhym dostupu : http://ec.europa.eu/ enlargement/policy/conditions-membership/ chapters-of-the-acquis/index_en.htm.
Standarty vnutrishnoho audytu, zatverdzheni Nakazom Ministerstva finansiv Ukrainy vid 4 zhovtnia 2011 r. № 1247 // Ofitsiinyi visnyk Ukrainy. – 2011. – № 85. – St. 91. – St. 3131.
Pro vnesennia zmin do deiakykh zakonodavchykh aktiv shchodo realizatsii derzhavnoi antykoruptsiinoi polityky : Zakon Ukrainy vid 14 travnia 2013 r. № 224-VII // Ofitsiinyi visnyk Ukrainy. – 2013. – № 44. – St. 11. – St. 1568.
Pytannia zapobihannia ta vyiavlennia koruptsii : Typove polozhennia pro upovnovazhenyi pidrozdil (osobu) z pytan zapobihannia ta vyiavlennia koruptsii, zatverdzhene Postanovoiu Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 4 kvitnia 2013 r. № 706 // Ofitsiinyi visnyk Ukrainy. – 2013. – № 76. – St. 261. – St. 2826.
Pro zabezpechennia sanitarnoho ta epidemichnoho blahopoluchchia naselennia : Zakon Ukrainy vid 24 liutoho 1994 r. (iz nastupnymy zminamy) // Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. – 1994. – № 27. – St. 218.
Pro vnesennia zmin do deiakykh zakonodavchykh aktiv Ukrainy (shchodo posylennia pravovoho zakhystu hromadian ta zaprovadzhennia mekhanizmiv realizatsii konstytutsiinykh prav hromadian na pidpryiemnytsku diialnist, osobystu nedotorkannist, bezpeku, povahu do hidnosti osoby, pravovu dopomohu, zakhyst) : Zakon Ukrainy vid 12 sichnia 2005 r. № 2322-IV // Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady. – 2005. – № 10. – St. 187.
Pro osnovni zasady derzhavnoho nahliadu (kontroliu) u sferi hospodarskoi diialnosti : Zakon Ukrainy vid 5 kvitnia 2007 r. // Ofitsiinyi visnyk Ukrainy. – 2007. – № 44. – St. 12. – St. 1771.
