PUBLIC INTEREST WITHIN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: INITIAL POSITIONS OF DOCTRINAL UNDERSTANDING AND PRACTICAL APPLICATION (ACCORDING TO THE LEGISLATION OF UKRAINE AND KAZAKHSTAN)

  • Roman Melnyk Law School of M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University
Keywords: public administration, public interest, constitution, administrative law, human rights and freedoms.

Abstract

Purpose. The article’s purpose is an attempt to analyse the category of “public interest” in terms of doctrinal understanding and practical application in the sphere of public administration. Methods. The research methodology consists of various methods of scientific cognition, including comparative and legal, systematic and structural, analysis, synthesis and others that make it possible to systematically and consistently to solve scientific problems, to study and compare the points of view of scholars, provisions of legal acts of the corresponding countries, caselaw and to formulate the author’s conclusions. Results. The author of the article considers the public interest through the historical prism and concludes that this category was used as a “convenient screen” in Soviet times in order to restrict the rights of individuals, which does not allow us to refer to previously obtained scientific results to substantiate current tendencies in this field. Considerable attention of the work is focused on searching the universal definition of the category of “public interest”. The author criticizes the existing approaches to this issue, especially emphasizing that the quantitative indicators of the bearers of a particular interest cannot be a sufficient ground for classifying any of them as the public interest. Among other things the author of the article emphasizes that the system of public interests cannot be constant and unchanging. It is formed under the influence of various factors and therefore, it has to be revised from time to time. However, the state must be concerned about the stability of public interests and prevent their unjustified narrowing and / or expansion. The author also pays attention to the issue of alternative points of view on the scope of public interests within modern countries, while appealing to the authors of the libertarian concept of the state. This concept, in his view, is to some extent used by judicial authorities, who decide cases of competition between human rights and the public interest that confirms its viability. The author of the paper also emphasizes that the public interest is a constitutional value that allows it to compete with other constitutional values (for example, fundamental human rights and freedoms) and to have priority over values that are enshrined in laws and by-laws. Conclusions. An important aspect of the paper is to formulate the conditions, when restrictions on human rights and freedoms are allowed, with the reference to the need to ensure the public interest, which, in the author’s opinion, is the “secondary” value in a modern democratic and rule of law country.

References

1. 100 otvetov na 100 voprosov po Obshchemu administrativnomu pravu : ucheb. posob. / pod red. R. S. Melnyka. – Kyiv : Yurinkom Inter. 2017.
2. Administratyvne pravo Ukrainy. Povnyi kurs : pidruchnyk / V. Halunko, O. Kuzmenko ta insh. ; za zah. red. V. Halunka, O. Pravotorovoi. – Vydannia chetverte. – Kherson : OLDI-PLIuS, 2021.
3. Administrativnyy protsedurno-protsesualniy kodeks Respubliki Kazakhstan // Vedomosti Parlamenta RK. 2020. № 13. St. 66.
4. Andrushko, I. P. Katehoriia “publichnyi interes” u konstytutsiinomu pravi: poniattia ta zmist // Chasopys Kyivskoho universytetu prava. 2011. № 4.
5. Breban , G. Frantsuzskoye administrativnoye pravo / pod red. i so vstup. st. S. V. Bobotova: per. s fr. Moskva : Progress. 1988.
6. Halunko, V. V. Publichnyi interes v administratyvnomu pravi // Forum prava. 2010. № 4.
7. Dmytrenko, E. Osoblyvosti spivvidnoshennia publichnoho i pryvatnoho interesu u finansovomu pravi // Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoi akademii prokuratury Ukrainy. 2016. № 2.
8. Evtikhiyev Sovetskoye administrativnoye pravo. – M., 1946.
9. Karadzhe-Iskrov, N. P. Noveyshaya evolyutsiya administrativnogo prava. Irkutsk, 1927.
10. Konstitutsiya Respubliki Kazakhstan // Vedomosti Parlamenta Respubliki Kazakhstan. 1996. № 4. St. 217.
11. Konstytutsiia Ukrainy // Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 1996. № 30. St. 141.
12. Kurochkin, S. A. Chastnyye i publichnyye interesy v prave – sistemnoye issledovaniye // Yuridicheskiy mir. 2011. № 10.
13. Nozik, R. Anarkhiya. gosudarstvo i utopiya / R. Nozik – “Intermediator”. 1974.
14. Pro administratyvnu protseduru : Zakon Ukrainy vid 16 lystopada 2021 r. № 1883-IX // http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb2/webproc4_1?pf3511=68834
15. Pro dodatkovi zakhody shchodo orhanizatsii vyplaty i dostavky pensii ta hroshovoi dopomohy za mistsem faktychnoho prozhyvannia oderzhuvachiv u mezhakh Ukrainy : Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 29 bereznia 2021 r. № 277 // Офіційний вісник України. 2021. № 29. Ст. 1624.
16. Resheniye Evropeyskogo suda po pravam cheloveka po delu “Bachkovskiy i dr. protiv Polshi” ot 3 maya 2007 g. / Svoboda sobraniy v postanovleniyakh Evropeyskogo suda po pravam cheloveka. Artefakt, 2009.
17. Rishennia Velykoiu Palatoiu Verkhovnoho Sudu 13 liutoho 2019 r. u spravi № 810/2763/17 (K/9901/44258/18) // https://protocol.ua/ua/postanova_vp_vs_vid_13_02_2019_ roku_u_spravi_810_2763_17/
18. Rishennia Konstytutsiinoho Sudu Ukrainy u spravi za konstytutsiinym podanniam 62 narodnykh deputativ Ukrainy shchodo vidpovidnosti Konstytutsii Ukrainy (konstytutsiinosti) okremykh polozhen statti 11 Zakonu Ukrainy “Pro zviazok” ta okremykh polozhen statti 4 Zakonu Ukrainy “Pro pidpryiemnytstvo” (sprava pro vyplatu i dostavku pensii ta hroshovoi dopomohy) vid 20 chervnia 2001 r. № 10-rp/2001 // Ofitsiinyi visnyk Ukrainy. 2001. № 26. St. 1183.
19. Sitdikova, R. I. Chastnyy. publichnyy i obshchestvennyy interes v avtorskom prave // Istoriya i teoriya tsivilisticheskoy mysli. 2012. № 2.
20. Soyuznaya konstitutsiya Shveytsarskoy Konfederatsii ot 18 aprelya 1999 g. // Rezhim dostupu: http://www.concourt.am/armenian/legal_resources/world_constitutions/constit/swiss/ swiss--r.htm
21. Studenikin, S. S. Sovetskoye administrativnoye pravo. – M., 1945.
22. Taranov, A. A. Administrativnoye pravo Respubliki Kazakhstan. Akademmcheskiy kurs. – 2-e izd. pererab. i dop. – Almaty : “Izdatelstvo ‛Norma-K’”. 2003.
23. Sharnina, L. A. Chastnyye i publichnyye interesy v konstitutsionnom prave // Konstitutsionnoye i munitsipalnoye pravo. 2005. № 4.
24. Shenberger, K. Administrativno-pravovaya komparativistika: osobennosti. metody i istoriya // DPP IMP. 2012. № 2.
25. Shlink, B. Balans i proportsionalnost // Sravnitelnoye konstitutsionnoye obozreniye. 2012. № 2 (87).
26. Allgemeines Verwaltungsrecht mit Verwaltungslehre von Hans Peter Bull, Veith Mehnde. 7, völlig neue bearbeitete Auflage. C. F. Müller Verlag Heidelberg, 2005.
27. Drews, B, Wacke, G. Gefahrenabwehr: allgemeines Polizeirecht (Ordnungsrecht) des Bundes und der Länder. 9, völlig neubearb. Aufl. – Köln; München : Hezmann, 1986.
28. Leitsätze zum Urteil des Ersten Senats vom 15. Februar 2006 – 1 BvR 357/05. //http://www.bverfg.de/e/rs20060215_1bvr035705.html
29. Maurer, Н. Allgemeines Verwaltungsrecht. München : Verlag C. H. Beck, 2004.
30. Wolff / Bachof / Stober / Kluth, Verwaltungsrecht: Band I, 13, neu bearbeitete Auflage, C. H. Beck, 2017.
Published
2022-08-15
How to Cite
Melnyk, R. (2022). PUBLIC INTEREST WITHIN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: INITIAL POSITIONS OF DOCTRINAL UNDERSTANDING AND PRACTICAL APPLICATION (ACCORDING TO THE LEGISLATION OF UKRAINE AND KAZAKHSTAN). Administrative Law and Process, (2(37), 5-20. https://doi.org/10.17721/2227-796X.2022.2.01
Section
General administrative law