TRANSFORMATION OF SOVIET ADMINISTRATIVE LAW: UZBEKISTAN’S CASE STUDY IN JUDICIAL REVIEW OVER ADMINISTRATIVE ACTS
Keywords:
Soviet style administrative justice, administrative litigation, administrative procedure, legal education, the Strategy Action 2017–2021, administrative courts, jurisdiction, case study, textual positivism, judge-made law
Abstract
Judicial protection against individual and normative acts of the public administration continues to be problematic in Uzbekistan. One central reason for this mischief is the continuing prevalence of Soviet-style ideas and patterns in legal thinking as well as the legal practice. This article describes the problems of jurisdictions face when trying to overcome their Soviet heritage by developing legal protection in administrative matters, and analyses the strategies for the improvement of this situation. Key factors are a comprehensive and harmonised development of administrative procedure and administrative litigation in the field of legislation, and what might be termed a “constitutionalisation” of legal thinking, theory and teaching – i.e. the respect for values enshrined in Constitution such as the rule of law and access to judicial protection against the public administration – in the field of legal science. Uzbekistan is a good example how foreign partners and donors of international legal assistance can help strengthen these factors.
This paper explores (1) to what extent Soviet thinking on judicial review over administrative acts has been set aside or to what extent is it still alive in today’s Uzbekistan, and (2) what are the transformation points of judicial review. Overall, I argue that Soviet thinking on judicial review over administrative acts has big change in legislation level under new regime of Uzbekistan, however legal reforms are not still accepted by legal practice, doctrine and legal education.
To analyse these statements, the first step is to describe the main characteristics and legal reforms on judicial review over administrative acts taken in Soviet period (part II). Part III and IV analyses the current legal system and judicial practise of Uzbekistan. Lastly, I map out recent steps taken to introduce some reforms in the field of judicial review over administrative acts in Uzbekistan (part V).
References
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Ioffe O.S. (1989). Administrative law in the Soviet legal system: concluding remarks, in: George Ginsburgs (ed.). Soviet Administrative Law: Theory and Policy, 1989. P. 499. [In English].
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Kvitkin V.T. (1967). Judicial control over the legality of actions of public authorities : dis. ... Candidate of Legal Sciences, Moscow, 1967. P. 13. [In Russian].
Chechot D.M. (1969). Problems of protecting subjective rights and interests in the order of non-search proceedings of the Soviet civil process : dis. ... Doctor of Law, Leningrad, 1969. P. 32. [In Russian].
Malein N.S. (1975). Judicial control over the legality of legal acts. Soviet State and Law 1975. No. 5. P. 124. [In Russian].
Khamaneva N.Yu. (1984). The right of complaints of citizens in European socialist countries, Ed. “SCIENCE”. Moscow, 1984. P. 75–77 [In Russian].
Yurkov B.N. (1974). Procedural guarantees of the rights of citizens in the consideration and resolution by the court of complaints about the actions of administrative bodies : dis. ... cand. Jurisprudence, Kharkov 1974. P. 47. [In Russian].
Stolmakov A.I. (1971). Administrative and legal and judicial methods of protecting the subjective rights of citizens of the USSR : avtref. kan. yu. n. Moscow, 1971. P. 4. [In Russian].
Chechot D.M. (1972). Judicial control over administrative activities in the USSR. Soviet State and Law 1972, No. 1. P. 43. [In Russian].
Hazard John N. (1989). What kind of propaganda in Administrative Law, in: George Ginsburgs (ed.): Soviet Administrative Law: Theory and Policy, 1989. P. 28. [In English].
Bernard Schwartz, Roberto L. Corrada, J. Robert Brown (2010). Administrative Law: a casebook, 7th ed., Aspen Publishers, 2010. P. 4–5 [In English].
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Khojiev E., Khojiev T. (2006). Administrative Law, 2006. P. 536. [In Uzbek].
Hojiyev E.T. (2010). Administrative law. Textbook for professional colleges, “SCIENCE”, 2010. P. 204. [In Uzbek].
Jörg Pudelka (2015). The law of administrative procedures and administrative procedure law in the states of Central Asia – a brief overview of the current state // Public Law Yearbook 2015: Administrative Process. Moscow : Infotropik Media, 2015. P. 63 [In Russian].
Kühn Zdenek (2011). “The judiciary in Central and Eastern Europe: mechanical jurisprudence in transformation?” in Law in Eastern Europe 61. 2011. P. 75 [In English].
Kühn Zdenek (2004). Worlds Apart: Western and Central European Judicial Culture at the Onset of the European Enlargement. The American Journal of Comparative Law. Vol. 52. No 3 (2004). P. 542–543 [In English]. URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4144478 (accessed 12.03.2014).
Javier Barnes (2010). Towards a third generation of administrative procedure. Susan Rose- Ackerman, Peter L. Lindseth. Comparative administrative law: an introduction. Comparative Administrative Law. Susan Rose-Ackerman, Peter L.L. indseth. Edward Elgar. 2010. P. 342–343 [In English].
Khvan L.B. (2011). Administrative justice in the modern legal system of the Republic of Uzbekistan: posing the question. Administrative justice: to the development of a scientific concept in the Republic of Uzbekistan”. Tashkent : Publishing house “ABU MATBUOT-KONSALT”, 2011. P. 67. [In Russian].
Nematov J. (2014). Legal Problems of the Judicial Review on Public Administration in the Uzbekistan. A Comparative Study in Judicial Review on Public Administration in the former Soviet Union-(1). Journal of Law and Politics. 2014. № 259. Р. 247–275 [In Japanese].
Nematov J. (2015 № 261). Legal Problems of the Judicial Review on Public Administration in the Uzbekistan. A Comparative Study in Judicial Review on Public Administration in the former Soviet Union-(2). Journal of Law and Politics. 2015. № 261. Р. 195–224 [In Japanese].
Nematov J. (2015). Legal Problems of the Judicial Review on Public Administration in the Uzbekistan. A Comparative Study in Judicial Review on Public Administration in the former Soviet Union-(3). Journal of Law and Politics. 2015. № 263. Р. 323–356. [In Japanese].
Nematov J. (2016). Legal Problems of the Judicial Review on Public Administration in the Uzbekistan. A Comparative Study in Judicial Review on Public Administration in the former Soviet Union-(4). Journal of Law and Politics. 2016. № 267. Р. 161–192. [In Japanese].
Nematov, J. (2016). Legal Problems of the Judicial Review on Public Administration in the Uzbekistan. A Comparative Study in Judicial Review on Public Administration in the former Soviet Union-(5). Journal of Law and Politics. 2016. № 268. Р. 247–269 [In Japanese].
Nematov, J. (2017) Legal Problems of the Judicial Review on Public Administration in the Uzbekistan: A Comparative Study in Judicial Review on Public Administration in the former Soviet Union-(6). Journal of Law and Politics. 2017. № 271. Р. 127–155 [In Japanese].
Nematov J. (2014). Shadows of the Soviet Era in Modern Russian and Uzbek Administrative Law: Continuity and Transformation in the Judicial Review of Administrative Acts. Jor Jahrbuch für Ostrecht. Band 55 (2014). № 2. Р. 2–32. [In English].
Nematov J. (2019). Development of legal bases of the administrative procedures in the Republic of Uzbekistan (comparative-legal analyses). Abstract of the dissertation of the doctor of scienses (DSc) on sciences in law. Tashkent, 2019. P. 31–54. URL: http://library.ziyonet.uz/s t a t i c / l i b / r e a d e r- p d f / w e b / v i e w e r. h t m l ? f i l e = h t t p : / / l i b r a r y. z i y o n e t . u z / u p l o a d s /books/251467/5d5a51e0db041.pdf (accessed on 01.04.2020). [In English].
Nematov J. (2018). New administrative law reforms in Uzbekistan: problems and their solutions. International Cooperation Department Research and Training Institute Ministry of Justice (Japan). ICD News 2018. № 75 (2018/6). P. 29–38 [In Japanese].
Nematov J. (2020). New administrative law reforms in the Uzbekistan:in example of application of new principles of administrative procedure law // International Cooperation Department Research and Training Institute Ministry of Justice (Japan). – ICD News 2020 March. P. 42–51. [In English].
Peter Solomon Todd Foglesong (2000). Courts and Transition in Russia. The Challenge of Judicial Reform, Westview Press, 2000. P. 70. [In English].
Burkov A.L. (2005). Acts of judicial normative control as a source of administrative law : dis. ... Candidate of Legal Sciences, Tyumen, 2005. P. 25. [In Russian].
Sirenko V.F. (1980). The problem of interest in public administration, “Naukova Dumka”, Kiev, 1980. P. 32–34 [In Russian].
Konstantin Simis (1979). “The Making of the New Soviet Constitution: Conflict Over Administrative Justice”, in Soviet Union, vol. 6, part 2 (1979). P. 206. [In English].
Eliseikin P.F. (1963). Judicial supervision of the activities of administrative bodies. Problems of state and law at the present stage. Vladivostok, 1963. P. 30. [In Russian].
Stolmakov A.I. (1971). Administrative and legal and judicial methods for protecting the subjective rights of citizens of the USSR : Abstract. dis. ... Candidate of Legal Sciences. Moscow, 1971. P. 10. [In Russian].
Guk N.N. (1991). Theoretical and applied problems of the implementation of the constitutional right of Soviet citizens to appeal against actions (acts) of state, public bodies and officials : Abstract. dis. ... Candidate of Legal Sciences. Kiev, 1991. P. 2. [In Russian].
Nedbaylo P.E. (1957). On legal guarantees of the correct implementation of Soviet legal norms. Soviet State and Law. 1957 No. 6. P. 26. [In Russian].
Kvitkin V.T. (1967). Judicial control over the legality of actions of public authorities : dis. ... Candidate of Legal Sciences, Moscow, 1967. P. 41. [In Russian].
Bonner A.T., Kvitkin V.T. (1973). Judicial control in the field of public administration. Textbook, ed. Moscow University, 1973. P. 6. [In Russian].
Gordon Smith (1978). The Soviet Procuracy and the Supervision of Administration, Sijthoff & Noordhoff Pbl., 1978. P. 37–54. [In English].
Ioffe O.S. (1989). Administrative law in the Soviet legal system: concluding remarks, in: George Ginsburgs (ed.). Soviet Administrative Law: Theory and Policy, 1989. P. 499. [In English].
Jürgen Kuss (1990). Gerichtliche Verwaltungskontrolle in Osteuropa, Berlin Verlag, 1990. P. 167–268 [In German].
Kvitkin V.T. (1967). Judicial control over the legality of actions of public authorities : dis. ... Candidate of Legal Sciences, Moscow, 1967. P. 13. [In Russian].
Chechot D.M. (1969). Problems of protecting subjective rights and interests in the order of non-search proceedings of the Soviet civil process : dis. ... Doctor of Law, Leningrad, 1969. P. 32. [In Russian].
Malein N.S. (1975). Judicial control over the legality of legal acts. Soviet State and Law 1975. No. 5. P. 124. [In Russian].
Khamaneva N.Yu. (1984). The right of complaints of citizens in European socialist countries, Ed. “SCIENCE”. Moscow, 1984. P. 75–77 [In Russian].
Yurkov B.N. (1974). Procedural guarantees of the rights of citizens in the consideration and resolution by the court of complaints about the actions of administrative bodies : dis. ... cand. Jurisprudence, Kharkov 1974. P. 47. [In Russian].
Stolmakov A.I. (1971). Administrative and legal and judicial methods of protecting the subjective rights of citizens of the USSR : avtref. kan. yu. n. Moscow, 1971. P. 4. [In Russian].
Chechot D.M. (1972). Judicial control over administrative activities in the USSR. Soviet State and Law 1972, No. 1. P. 43. [In Russian].
Hazard John N. (1989). What kind of propaganda in Administrative Law, in: George Ginsburgs (ed.): Soviet Administrative Law: Theory and Policy, 1989. P. 28. [In English].
Bernard Schwartz, Roberto L. Corrada, J. Robert Brown (2010). Administrative Law: a casebook, 7th ed., Aspen Publishers, 2010. P. 4–5 [In English].
William Wade, Christopher Forsyth (2000). Administrative Law, Oxford University Press, 2000. P. 4–5. [In English].
Shorahmetov Sh. (2007). Civil Procedural Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Justice, Tashkent, 2007. P. 346. [In Uzbek].
Alimov X.R., Solovyova L.I. (1998). Administrative law of the Republic of Uzbekistan, “Adolat”, 1998. P. 214. [In Russian].
Khojiev E., Khojiev T. (2006). Administrative Law, 2006. P. 536. [In Uzbek].
Hojiyev E.T. (2010). Administrative law. Textbook for professional colleges, “SCIENCE”, 2010. P. 204. [In Uzbek].
Jörg Pudelka (2015). The law of administrative procedures and administrative procedure law in the states of Central Asia – a brief overview of the current state // Public Law Yearbook 2015: Administrative Process. Moscow : Infotropik Media, 2015. P. 63 [In Russian].
Kühn Zdenek (2011). “The judiciary in Central and Eastern Europe: mechanical jurisprudence in transformation?” in Law in Eastern Europe 61. 2011. P. 75 [In English].
Kühn Zdenek (2004). Worlds Apart: Western and Central European Judicial Culture at the Onset of the European Enlargement. The American Journal of Comparative Law. Vol. 52. No 3 (2004). P. 542–543 [In English]. URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4144478 (accessed 12.03.2014).
Javier Barnes (2010). Towards a third generation of administrative procedure. Susan Rose- Ackerman, Peter L. Lindseth. Comparative administrative law: an introduction. Comparative Administrative Law. Susan Rose-Ackerman, Peter L.L. indseth. Edward Elgar. 2010. P. 342–343 [In English].
Khvan L.B. (2011). Administrative justice in the modern legal system of the Republic of Uzbekistan: posing the question. Administrative justice: to the development of a scientific concept in the Republic of Uzbekistan”. Tashkent : Publishing house “ABU MATBUOT-KONSALT”, 2011. P. 67. [In Russian].
Nematov J. (2014). Legal Problems of the Judicial Review on Public Administration in the Uzbekistan. A Comparative Study in Judicial Review on Public Administration in the former Soviet Union-(1). Journal of Law and Politics. 2014. № 259. Р. 247–275 [In Japanese].
Nematov J. (2015 № 261). Legal Problems of the Judicial Review on Public Administration in the Uzbekistan. A Comparative Study in Judicial Review on Public Administration in the former Soviet Union-(2). Journal of Law and Politics. 2015. № 261. Р. 195–224 [In Japanese].
Nematov J. (2015). Legal Problems of the Judicial Review on Public Administration in the Uzbekistan. A Comparative Study in Judicial Review on Public Administration in the former Soviet Union-(3). Journal of Law and Politics. 2015. № 263. Р. 323–356. [In Japanese].
Nematov J. (2016). Legal Problems of the Judicial Review on Public Administration in the Uzbekistan. A Comparative Study in Judicial Review on Public Administration in the former Soviet Union-(4). Journal of Law and Politics. 2016. № 267. Р. 161–192. [In Japanese].
Nematov, J. (2016). Legal Problems of the Judicial Review on Public Administration in the Uzbekistan. A Comparative Study in Judicial Review on Public Administration in the former Soviet Union-(5). Journal of Law and Politics. 2016. № 268. Р. 247–269 [In Japanese].
Nematov, J. (2017) Legal Problems of the Judicial Review on Public Administration in the Uzbekistan: A Comparative Study in Judicial Review on Public Administration in the former Soviet Union-(6). Journal of Law and Politics. 2017. № 271. Р. 127–155 [In Japanese].
Nematov J. (2014). Shadows of the Soviet Era in Modern Russian and Uzbek Administrative Law: Continuity and Transformation in the Judicial Review of Administrative Acts. Jor Jahrbuch für Ostrecht. Band 55 (2014). № 2. Р. 2–32. [In English].
Nematov J. (2019). Development of legal bases of the administrative procedures in the Republic of Uzbekistan (comparative-legal analyses). Abstract of the dissertation of the doctor of scienses (DSc) on sciences in law. Tashkent, 2019. P. 31–54. URL: http://library.ziyonet.uz/s t a t i c / l i b / r e a d e r- p d f / w e b / v i e w e r. h t m l ? f i l e = h t t p : / / l i b r a r y. z i y o n e t . u z / u p l o a d s /books/251467/5d5a51e0db041.pdf (accessed on 01.04.2020). [In English].
Nematov J. (2018). New administrative law reforms in Uzbekistan: problems and their solutions. International Cooperation Department Research and Training Institute Ministry of Justice (Japan). ICD News 2018. № 75 (2018/6). P. 29–38 [In Japanese].
Nematov J. (2020). New administrative law reforms in the Uzbekistan:in example of application of new principles of administrative procedure law // International Cooperation Department Research and Training Institute Ministry of Justice (Japan). – ICD News 2020 March. P. 42–51. [In English].
Published
2020-09-17
How to Cite
Nematov, J. (2020). TRANSFORMATION OF SOVIET ADMINISTRATIVE LAW: UZBEKISTAN’S CASE STUDY IN JUDICIAL REVIEW OVER ADMINISTRATIVE ACTS. Administrative Law and Process, (1(28), 105-125. https://doi.org/10.17721/2227-796X.2020.1.08
Section
Foreign administrative law and process
